- First Past the Post (FPTP) is the main electoral system used for UK general elections.
- The country is divided into constituencies A geographical area that elects an MP to Parliament. Each voter votes in their local constituency. . Each constituency elects one MP to the House of Commons.
- Voters place an X next to their preferred candidate. The candidate with the most votes in each constituency wins.
- FPTP is a plurality system: a candidate does not need a majority, just more votes than any other candidate.
- The system tends to produce single party majority governments. It is known for its simplicity and speed.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Simple to understand | Can lead to disproportional results |
| Quick results | Many votes are "wasted" |
| Strong link between MPs and their constituencies | Safe seats are common, leading to one party domination |
| Usually produces a stable government | Under representation of smaller parties |
- Used in: UK general elections, local elections in England and Wales, some elections in the USA, and some former British colonies.